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:''"Göth" and "Goeth" redirect here; see Goeth (surname) for a discussion of this and related surnames.'' | allegiance = | branch = Schutzstaffel | serviceyears = 1930–1945 | rank = 25px SS-Hauptsturmführer | servicenumber = NSDAP #510,764 SS #43,673 | unit = 25px SS-Totenkopfverbände | commands = Arbeitslager ''KL-Płaszów'' | battles = | battles_label = | awards = | relations = | laterwork = | nickname = The Butcher of Płaszów | signature = | website = }} (spelled in some English sources as Goeth) (11 December 1908 – 13 September 1946) was an Austrian SS-''Hauptsturmführer'' (captain) and the commandant of the Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp in Płaszów in German-occupied Poland for most of the camp's existence during World War II. He was tried as a war criminal after the war by the Supreme National Tribunal of Poland at Kraków and was found guilty of personally ordering the imprisonment, torture, and extermination of individuals and groups of people. He was also convicted of homicide, the first such conviction at a war crimes trial, for "personally killing, maiming and torturing a substantial, albeit unidentified number of people". He was executed by hanging not far from the former site of the Płaszów camp. The film ''Schindler's List'' (1993) depicts his practice of shooting camp internees. ==Early life and career== Göth was born on 11 December 1908 in Vienna, then the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, to a wealthy family in the book publishing industry. Goeth joined a Nazi youth group at age 17 and was a member of the antisemitic nationalist paramilitary group ''Heimwehr'' (Home Guard) from 1927 to 1930. He dropped his membership to join the Austrian branch of the Nazi Party, being assigned the party membership number 510,764 in September 1930. Goeth joined the Austrian SS in 1930 and was appointed an SS-''Mann'' with the SS number 43,673. Goeth served with the SS ''Truppe'' Deimel and ''Sturm'' Libardi in Vienna until January 1933, when he was promoted to serve as adjutant and platoon leader of the 52nd SS-Standarte, a regimental-sized unit. He was soon promoted to SS-''Scharführer'' (squad leader). He fled to Germany when his illegal activities, including obtaining explosives for the Nazi Party, made him a wanted man. The Austrian Nazi Party was declared illegal in Austria on 19 June 1933, so they set up operations in exile in Munich. From this base, Goeth smuggled radios and weapons into Austria and acted as a courier for the SS. He was arrested in October 1933 by the Austrian authorities but was released for lack of evidence in December 1933. He was again detained after the assassination of Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed Nazi coup attempt in July 1934. He escaped custody and fled to the SS training facility at Dachau, next to the infamous Dachau Concentration Camp. He temporarily quit the SS and Nazi party activities until 1937 and lived in Munich while trying to help his parents to develop their publishing business. He married on the recommendation of his parents, but was divorced after only a few months. Goeth returned to Vienna shortly after the Anschluss in 1938 and resumed his party activities. He married Anny Geiger in a civil SS ceremony on 23 October 1938. The couple had three children, Peter, born in 1939, who died of diphtheria at age 7 months, Werner, born in 1940, and a daughter, Ingeborg, born in 1941. The couple maintained a permanent home in Vienna throughout World War II. Initially assigned to 89th SS-Standarte, Goeth was transferred to the 1st SS-Sturmbann of the 11th SS-Standarte at the start of the war and was promoted to SS-''Oberscharführer'' (staff sergeant) in early 1941. He soon gained a reputation as a seasoned administrator in the Nazi efforts to isolate and relocate the Jewish population of Europe as an ''Einsatzführer'' (action leader) and financial officer for the ''Reichskommissariat für die Festigung deutschen Volkstums'' (''Reichskommissariat'' for the Strengthening of German Nationhood; RKFDV). He was commissioned to the rank of SS-''Untersturmführer'' (second lieutenant) on 14 July 1941. He was transferred to Lublin in the summer of 1942, where he joined the staff of SS-''Brigadeführer'' Odilo Globočnik, the SS and Police Leader of the Kraków area, as part of Operation Reinhard, the code name given to the establishment of the three extermination camps at Bełżec, Sobibór, and Treblinka. Nothing is known of his activities in the six months he served with Operation Reinhard; participants were sworn to secrecy. But according to the transcripts of his later trial, Goeth was responsible for rounding up and transporting victims to these camps to be murdered. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Amon Goeth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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